Is A Totally Secular OR Totally Religious Work Place Desirable?
There is no question that religion and differing beliefs in the workplace can and do cause conflict. Religion seems to be inbred with it. Even in the Christian religion there is a shadow that often seems to embrace and promote and fights for power and control. In order to either avoid or embrace that conflict, most places of work in the U.S. have leaned towards one of two dominant reactions: a) establishing policies of no religion or spirituality in the work place; or b) naming a specific religion as the core culture of the company (i.e., usually Christian). In other words, we are asking and expecting our workers to either compartmentalize who they are and bring and apply only part of who and what they are to the workplace; or we are choosing which forms of spirituality are acceptable and denying (discriminating against?) all other forms. We do this because of either a fear of or a commitment to the influence and conflict that moral convictions can and will produce within the culture and operations of the organization. However, even those persons who describe themselves as atheists, agnostics, or non-practitioners of either religion or spirituality still hold some type of moral convictions about the world and how the workplace should operate. They, too, cannot help but influence and participate in the conflict of values within a company’s culture.
My question is whether either total secularization OR total religiosity is even feasible, much less desirable? What seems to happen when a place of work tries to become totally secular or totally religious/spiritual? Notice, for example, present-day struggles on one side with trying to get all employees of one’s workforce fully engaged in their work rather than just being warm bodies behaving like cogs in a wheel. Employers are becoming more sensitive to the staggering costs from lost potential and actual output because of low employee engagement. Might not the stance against bringing their spirituality to work have much to do with this? Our faith often is the very thing that gives meaning and moral direction to the work we are doing. On the other hand, what happens when faith and spirituality is used to try and get more productivity out of our workers? Then religion is nothing more than a means with no faith-directed end! We often end up with religious or spiritual workers so consumed by work that they no longer have time to spend with family, community, or worship and participation in their churches, masques or synagogues. It feels as if work slowly becomes the religion.
What happens when we have no moral discussions stemming from personal beliefs and attempt to decrease or eliminate moral preferences within an organization? I think 2009 has allowed us to experience the consequences of that reality up-front and personal. Furthermore, are not workplaces and organizational cultures with a specific secular view (that religion and spirituality is not welcome) also communicating a certain set of values. As Douglas Hicks points out in his book, Religion and the Workplace, “All workplaces have some sort of organizational culture…it is simply impossible to avoid taking a values-laden position vis-a’-vis the diverse religious and spiritual (and cultural and political) commitments that employees and mangers bring with them to work.” Hicks further argues that the forced compartmentalization of a secular culture “…is unduly and unrealistically restrictive on employees….workers should not be asked to divorce their religious expression from their workplace identity.” [Page 114]
Rather than being totally restrictive, what if we acknowledged our diversity as a nation. What if we as Christians actually embraced religious diversity in the workplace because we know and believe and trust the foundational truth expressed in Colossians 1:15-17?
15 He [Christ] is the image of the invisible God, the firstborn over all creation. 16 For by him all things were created: things in heaven and on earth, visible and invisible, whether thrones or powers or rulers or authorities; all things were created by him and for him. 17 He is before all things, and in him all things hold together.” [NIV Translation]
Just from my Christian perspective, rather than seeing the workplace culture as a battle ground that must be won back – or the Christian faith, life and teachings something that must be guarded from the influences of diversity – what would happen if we understood that even all diversity ultimately has its meaning and purpose in Jesus Christ? What would happen if we truly believed that even diversity in religion and spirituality in our places of work is ultimately something created by Christ for his purposes? What would happen if all employees were given the freedom to draw upon their faith-based ideas at work? As just one of those religions, what would happen, for example, if Christians – instead of seeing faith in the workplace as an issue of power and rights – took seriously Jesus’ teachings in the beatitudes and his call to positions of servanthood; and his promises of being our strength when we embrace our weakness? How would our practice of these teachings of Jesus influence the work itself? What influence would our faith then contribute to the diversity of our workplaces? What new potential would the Holy Spirit then produce?
I agree with Hicks that embracing diversity does require certain agreed upon limiting norms or guiding principles. For example, we would all have to accept the presumption of inclusion as a guiding principle. We would have to commit to the practice of dignity and equal respect in the workplace. We would have to be willing to accept such limiting norms as non-degradation, non-coercion, non-establishment where the company endorses or promotes only one particular religious or spiritual view. We would have to define permissible expressions and limitations. For example, religious posters may not condemn other persons’ beliefs and orientations. For us Christians, that would be difficult. However, is the allowance of expression of all faiths – including ours – not healthier and better than attempting to have NO expressions of faith in the workplace? Is a totally secular – or a totally religious – workplace even feasible? Diversity is the reality of life in the United States. According to Colossians, even our diversity is created by Christ and for Christ! As a citizen of a country that holds religious freedom as a core value, is it not better and healthier to embrace and promote diversity of faith in the workplace rather than secularism? CJS